Hemorrhoids

Common causes of pressure include:

• Constipation and straining
• Diarrhea
• Sitting or standing for a long time
• Obesity
• Diet, especially those high in red meats and low in fiber
• Pregnancy and childbirth

Hereditary factors also may be involved in the risk for developing hemorrhoids, such as in people predisposed to having weakened blood vessels. During pregnancy, hemorrhoids can develop because of the pressure of the fetus in the abdomen, as well as hormonal changes, which cause hemorrhoidal vessels to enlarge. The process of childbirth also puts severe stress on these vessels.

Diagnosis of hemorrhoids may include a visual inspection or a digital examination.

Treatment

Depending on the severity of hemorrhoids, your clinician may suggest home remedies for mild pain, swelling and inflammation. If your symptoms do not improve, your clinician may advise over-the-counter creams, ointments, suppositories or pads. These products contain ingredients such as witch hazel, hydrocortisone and lidocaine, which can lessen the pain and itching. In more serious conditions, a rubber band ligation may provide relief.

Other treatments for persistent bleeding or painful hemorrhoids include injections (sclerotherapy), coagulation (infrared or laser), hemorrhoidectomy or hemorrhoid stapling. It’s best to speak with your clinician about which treatment best fits your needs.